Southern Plantations


Social Studies American History Westward Expansion to 1850 Southern Plantations
Students view an image of an early cotton gin and brainstorm what might be its purpose. Then they learn about the rise of cotton plantations in the southern colonies and how they contributed to the spread of slavery. Next they examine the Lowell Mills and the cause-and effect relationship between the cotton gin and slavery. Finally, they learn about the lives of the slaves on the plantations and react to an actual ad from 1800 offering a reward for the return of a runaway slave.

This learning experience is designed for device-enabled classrooms. The teacher guides the lesson, and students use embedded resources, social media skills, and critical thinking skills to actively participate. To get access to a free version of the complete lesson, sign up for an exploros account.

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Overview

In this experience, students view an image of an early cotton gin and brainstorm what is its purpose. Then they learn about the rise of cotton plantations in the southern colonies and how they contributed to the spread of slavery. Next they examine the Lowell Mills and the cause-and effect relationship between the cotton gin and slavery. Finally, they learn about the lives of the slaves on the plantations and react to an actual ad from 1800 offering a reward for the return of a runaway slave.

If you have access to leveled readers that describe the lives of slaves or workers in a textile mill, assign them to the students in parallel to this experience.

Estimated duration: 40-50 minutes

Vocabulary words:

  • profitable
  • labor, labor force
  • mill
  • textile
  • diminished
  • brutal

Objectives

  • Explain the rise of plantations in the southern states.
  • Analyze the role of slavery in the southern economy.
  • Describe how industrialization in the North impacted agriculture in the South.


Engage


Jamestown, Virginia, was the first permanent British colony in the Americas. The colonists became the first tobacco farmers in North America, and they used African and European indentured servants as farm workers. Tobacco was a profitable cash crop, and tobacco plantations spread throughout the southern colonies. These plantations contributed to the rise of slavery in the British colonies. In this experience, you will learn about the development of plantations and slavery and their impact on the United States.

Objectives

  • Explain the rise of plantations in the southern states.
  • Analyze the role of slavery in the southern economy.
  • Describe how industrialization in the North impacted agriculture in the South.


box-shaped machine with belts on top and an open side

Look at the invention shown in the photograph. What do you think it is?

Post your answer

What might this invention have been used for?

Post your answer

Discuss with students some of their responses. Explain to them that the invention pictured is the cotton gin, a term shortened from cotton engine, invented by Eli Whitney in 1793. It was used for removing seeds from cotton. This task had previously been done by hand and took a long time to accomplish. The cotton gin enabled cotton to be cleaned about fifty times faster than doing it by hand.

Mention to students that in this experience they will learn about the invention of the cotton gin and how it was able to single-handedly transform the economy of the South.


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