West and Central Africa: Government and Economy


World Cultures Sub-Saharan Africa West and Central Africa: Government and Economy
In this experience, students first explore the government and economy of the relatively successful West African country of Ghana. Then they learn about the governments and economies of five other West and Central African countries that have faced civil wars and conflicts. Next, students learn the part that blood diamonds have played in those conflicts—and the general problems that result from conflict diamonds. Finally, students write an explanation about how to buy diamonds more ethically.

This learning experience is designed for device-enabled classrooms. The teacher guides the lesson, and students use embedded resources, social media skills, and critical thinking skills to actively participate. To get access to a free version of the complete lesson, sign up for an exploros account.

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Here are the teacher pack items for West and Central Africa: Government and Economy:

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Overview

In this experience, students examine how natural resources influence governments and economies in West and Central Africa. They begin with a Ghanaian business that turns bamboo into an economic opportunity, then compare the governments, resources, industries, and trade of several countries in the region. Next, students investigate the diamond trade to analyze how control of valuable resources can create both economic opportunities and serious challenges. Finally, students use evidence from across the experience to explain why natural resources alone do not determine a country’s economic or political outcomes.

Objectives:

  • Explain how natural resources can influence economic activities, trade, and opportunities in West and Central African countries
  • Compare how governments and economies in selected West and Central African countries are connected to the use and distribution of natural resources


hands raising flags

Waving Ghanaian Flags


Every economy depends on resources. These may include natural resources such as forests, minerals, fertile soil, and water, as well as human resources such as workers, knowledge, and skills. Having a resource, however, does not automatically determine how an economy will develop.

People and businesses make decisions about how resources can be used. Governments also make decisions that can influence who has access to resources, how they are traded, and how the benefits from them are distributed.

Ghana provides one example. Bamboo grows in parts of the country and can be used as a raw material. One Ghanaian company found a way to turn that resource into a manufactured product.

Watch Grow Your Own Bike. As you watch, pay attention to how the company turns a resource found in Ghana into an economic opportunity.

In this experience, you will investigate how natural resources can influence economies and governments in West and Central Africa and why the same kind of resource can create different opportunities and challenges in different places.

Objectives:

  • Explain how natural resources can influence economic activities, trade, and opportunities in West and Central African countries
  • Compare how governments and economies in selected West and Central African countries are connected to the use and distribution of natural resources


How does the bamboo-bike company turn a natural resource into an economic opportunity? Record evidence from the video.



After students respond, invite several students to explain the steps they identified between the bamboo resource and the finished bicycles.

Use the discussion to emphasize that a natural resource has economic value partly because of what people do with it. Workers, skills, technology, businesses, transportation, investment, and markets can all help transform a raw material into a product that creates jobs or income.

Possible follow-up questions include:

  • What natural resource does the company use?
  • What has to happen before bamboo can become a bicycle?
  • What kinds of workers or skills are needed?
  • How does producing bicycles add value to the original resource?
  • How might this business create opportunities beyond the sale of bicycles?
  • Does simply having bamboo guarantee that a bicycle industry will develop? Why not?
  • What other decisions might affect whether a resource benefits an economy?


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The Complete List of Learning Experiences in Sub-Saharan Africa Unit.
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