Northern Europe: The Economy of Scandinavia


World Cultures Europe Northern Europe: The Economy of Scandinavia
Students explore the Nordic countries, with an emphasis on the Scandinavian economy. They review the Happiness Report 2015 (prepared for the United Nations) and note that the Nordic countries are among the happiest in the world. They explore Nordic social democracy, and how geography, technology, and immigration play a part in the economy.

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Overview

In this experience, students explore the Nordic countries with a focus on the economies of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. They begin by considering why Nordic countries consistently rank highly in measures of quality of life. Students then examine the Nordic model and how capitalist market economies can operate alongside extensive public services, social benefits, and worker protections. Finally, they investigate how transportation, global trade, technology, and immigration help Scandinavian countries respond to geographic, population, and workforce challenges.

To prepare for this experience, you can read the full World Happiness Report 2020.

Objectives:

  • Evaluate Scandinavia’s cradle-to-grave system, and describe its economy and how geography affects the economy
  • Explain the impact of technology and immigration on life in Northern Europe


Northern Europe includes the Nordic countries of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. Denmark, Norway, and Sweden are also known as the Scandinavian countries. Although these countries have their own governments and economies, they share some economic patterns.

The Scandinavian countries have market economies in which private businesses play an important role. At the same time, governments collect relatively high taxes to help provide services and benefits such as health care, education, and support for people who are unemployed, retired, or raising families. These programs are often described as part of a social welfare system.

Technology and innovation are also important parts of Scandinavian economies. In this experience, you will examine how social welfare programs and technology affect workers, businesses, government spending, and everyday economic life in Scandinavia.

Objectives:

  • Evaluate Scandinavia’s cradle-to-grave system, and describe its economy and how geography affects the economy
  • Explain the impact of technology and immigration on life in Northern Europe


an imposing building over the other side of the river

The Grand Hotel, Stockholm, Sweden


Each year, the World Happiness Report asks people in countries around the world to rate the quality of their lives. Nordic countries consistently rank among the highest in these global rankings.

Researchers do not measure happiness by asking whether people feel cheerful all the time. Instead, they look at how people evaluate their lives overall.

Before you learn more about the economies of Scandinavia, think about what might help people feel satisfied with life in a society.


What is one thing that can help people have a good quality of life? To list more than one, separate them with comas like this: dog, cat.

Post your answer

Point out that the report measures happiness with metrics such as social connections, life expectancy, and natural environment. The Nordics ranked highest on the metrics of real GDP per capita, healthy life expectancy, having someone to count on, perceived freedom to make life choices, generosity, and freedom from corruption.

No other region has such a high representation.


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