Turkey to Afghanistan: Society and Culture


World Cultures North Africa and the Middle East Turkey to Afghanistan: Society and Culture
Students are introduced to the idea that buildings and landmarks have cultural value. Then they learn about the Bamiyan Buddhas in Afghanistan and their destruction by the Taliban. Next, they explore the Hagia Sophia, tracing its history and importance to Christians and Muslims alike. They compare the destruction of the Bamiyan Buddhas with the preservation of the Hagia Sophia. Finally, they create their own cultural/historical record for a landmark of their choosing.

This learning experience is designed for device-enabled classrooms. The teacher guides the lesson, and students use embedded resources, social media skills, and critical thinking skills to actively participate. To get access to a free version of the complete lesson, sign up for an exploros account.

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Here are the teacher pack items for Turkey to Afghanistan: Society and Culture:

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Overview:

In this experience, students examine how buildings and landmarks can preserve evidence of a society’s beliefs, traditions, history, and cultural change. They investigate the Bamiyan Buddhas in Afghanistan and the Hagia Sophia in Turkey to compare different ways cultural landmarks can be destroyed, preserved, changed, and reinterpreted over time. Finally, students apply this understanding by creating a cultural and historical record of a landmark and explaining why it matters to future generations.

Objectives:

  • Describe the history of the Bamiyan Buddhas in Afghanistan and the Hagia Sophia in Turkey
  • Explain the value of cultural and historical landmarks in a society


Buildings and landmarks can be more than useful or beautiful places. Over time, they can become records of the people and societies connected to them. Their architecture, artwork, religious uses, and changes can reveal what people valued, believed, created, and chose to remember.

Some landmarks remain important long after the people who first created them are gone. Later generations may preserve them, change how they are used, restore them, or sometimes destroy them. Those choices can reveal something about how societies respond to the past.

Think about a building or place that is important to you, your family, or your community. Its importance may come from what happened there, what it represents, or the memories and traditions connected to it.

In this experience, you will examine important cultural landmarks in Afghanistan and Turkey to investigate what they reveal about societies over time and why people may choose to preserve, change, or destroy places from the past.

Objectives:

  • Describe the history of the Bamiyan Buddhas in Afghanistan and the Hagia Sophia in Turkey
  • Explain the value of cultural and historical landmarks in a society


building being destroyed

Building demolition


Imagine that a building or place important to your community was going to be destroyed. What might be lost besides the building itself?

Post your answer

After students respond, invite several students to share what they believe could be lost when an important place disappears.

Use the discussion to move beyond the physical structure. Students may identify memories, traditions, artwork, architecture, religious meaning, community identity, or evidence about the past.

Explain that historians and other researchers often study landmarks as evidence. A building can reveal information about the people who created it, the people who later used it, and the ways a society changed over time.

Possible follow-up questions include:

  • What can a building tell us about the people who created it?
  • Can a place remain important even if its original use changes?
  • Why might later generations want to preserve an older building?
  • Why might different groups value the same place for different reasons?
  • What could future generations learn from a landmark that survives?
  • Can changing a landmark also become part of its history?

That sets up both Bamiyan and Hagia Sophia much better.


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The Complete List of Learning Experiences in Southwest Asia and North Africa Unit.
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