The Boston Massacre


The Boston Massacre
Students examine multiple perspectives of the Boston Massacre through images and firsthand accounts, then decide who was responsible using evidence.

This learning experience is designed for device-enabled classrooms. The teacher guides the lesson, and students use embedded resources, social media skills, and critical thinking skills to actively participate. To get access to a free version of the complete lesson, sign up for an exploros account.

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Here are the teacher pack items for The Boston Massacre:

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Overview

In this experience, students evaluate who was responsible for the Boston Massacre by analyzing sources with different perspectives. First, they examine artistic depictions of the event and discuss whether the details give the same account of the event. Next, students explore Paul Revere’s engraving to evaluate which details are accurate and which are exaggerated. Then, students analyze firsthand accounts from both colonists and British witnesses to compare how each side described the event. In the Elaborate scene, students are invited to examine John Adams' defense of the soldiers and evaluate how his argument connected to the colonists’ ideas about justice and fairness. Finally, in the Evaluate scene, students develop a claim about who was responsible for the Boston Massacre and support their claims with evidence they evaluated during the experience.

Estimated Duration: 55-70 minutes

Vocabulary Words and Definitions:

  • occupy: to take control of and stay in a place, often by using force

 

Objectives:

  • Analyze primary sources to evaluate the differing perspectives of the Boston Massacre
  • Write and support a claim about who was responsible for the Boston Massacre


As you have learned, the Boston Massacre was a fight between British soldiers and colonists in Boston in 1770. But there’s more to the story than just a street conflict. Why did it happen? Who was involved? Who was responsible? And how did this one event become such an important part of the growing tension between the colonies and Great Britain?

Evaluate the two paintings below that depict the Boston Massacre. Think about what they reveal about the Boston Massacre. Then, answer the discussion question.


A color lithograph depicts a chaotic street confrontation between British soldiers in red coats and a crowd of colonists. The soldiers are firing their rifles into the crowd, with some people on the ground and a church steeple visible in the background.

“The Boston Massacre” by William L. Champney (1856)


A black-and-white engraving depicts a violent confrontation between British soldiers and a crowd of colonists on a snowy city street. The soldiers are shown firing their muskets at the unarmed crowd, with several people lying on the ground, representing a depiction of the Boston Massacre.

“The Boston Massacre” by Alonzo Chappel (1878)


Do these artistic depictions of the Boston Massacre tell the same story? What details from the images support your answer?

Post your answer

When reviewing the discussion, highlight how students used visual evidence to support their thinking. Prompt them to notice how the two images emphasize different actions, emotions, or outcomes. Use the following questions to guide discussion:

  • What are the soldiers doing in each image? What are the colonists doing?
  • How is the crowd portrayed?
  • What setting details stand out?
  • How do these artistic choices shape your understanding of what happened?

 

Reinforce that even artistic depictions reflect a specific perspective and can shape how people understand what happened. This prepares students to analyze written primary sources with the same critical lens.


In this lesson, you will investigate how conflicting accounts of the Boston Massacre reveal differing perspectives in order to evaluate who was responsible.

Objectives:

  • Analyze primary sources to evaluate the differing perspectives of the Boston Massacre
  • Write and support a claim about who was responsible for the Boston Massacre


Arrange students into small groups for the next two scenes. When everyone is ready to continue, unlock the next scene.

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