Turning Points and Foreign Allies


Turning Points and Foreign Allies
Students learn how specific battles in the American Revolution became turning points and how foreign alliances influenced the war’s outcome. They connect military victories to shifts in strategy and international support.

This learning experience is designed for device-enabled classrooms. The teacher guides the lesson, and students use embedded resources, social media skills, and critical thinking skills to actively participate. To get access to a free version of the complete lesson, sign up for an exploros account.

1:1 Devices
Teacher Pack

The Pack contains associated resources for the learning experience, typically in the form of articles and videos. There is a teacher Pack (with only teacher information) and a student Pack (which contains only student information). As a teacher, you can toggle between both to see everything.

Here are the teacher pack items for Turning Points and Foreign Allies:

Preview - Scene 1
Exploros Learnign Experience Scene Navigation


Engage


Overview

In this experience, students explore the events that could be considered turning points in the American Revolution and examine the role of foreign alliances. First, they define “turning point” by considering what makes an event a turning point. Next, students examine different battles of the Revolution and investigate the characteristics and effects of the battles that would qualify them as turning points. Then, students analyze how foreign involvement, notably France’s alliance, changed the course of the Revolutionary War. Finally, the elaborate scene invites students to investigate the Netherlands’ role in the Revolution and evaluate how their actions contributed to the war’s turning points.

Estimated Duration: 45–60 minutes

Vocabulary Words and Definitions:

  • Loyalists: Colonists who remained loyal to Britain during the American Revolution
  • neutrality: the state of not taking sides in a conflict or disagreement
  • morale: the overall confidence, spirit, or enthusiasm of a group

 

Objectives:

  • Identify the turning points of the American Revolution
  • Explain how alliances with foreign nations influenced the course of the conflict


In both the Engage and Explore scenes, students will work in partners or small groups. Grouping is flexible based on your classroom needs. To support the flow of the experience, prepare student groups in advance and inform students of their group assignments at the start of the experience. Arrange students in their groups before beginning.


The fight for independence didn’t stay the same from beginning to end. As you have learned, the colonists first struggled against a stronger British force. But as the war continued, certain events began to change how the conflict looked and felt. Things began to shift in ways that surprised both sides.

In this lesson, you will learn how turning points in the American Revolution, including help from foreign allies, changed the direction of the war and brought new hope to the Continental cause.

Objectives:

  • Identify the turning points of the American Revolution
  • Explain how alliances with foreign nations influenced the course of the conflict


An oil painting depicts General George Washington standing in a rowboat, leading a group of soldiers through an ice-choked river. A tattered American flag waves in the background as the men paddle through the frigid water toward the shore.

“Washington Crossing the Delaware” by Emanuel Leutze (1851)


In this experience, you’ll be examining the turning points of the war. Before you begin you must first be able to explain what makes an event a turning point. Discuss the list of historical events with your partner or small group. Together, decide which you think are turning points and discuss why you think they are. Discuss why the others should not be considered turning points. Then, record the events you agree were turning points in the discussion wall.




Record the events your group believes were turning points in history.

Post your answer

After students complete the activity in small groups, lead a brief whole-class shareout. Focus discussion on the historical impact of the events students selected and how those events changed what came next. Guide students toward recognizing that a turning point marks a clear shift in direction, momentum, or outcome, not just something important or interesting.

Ensuring that students understand the characteristics of a turning point is crucial for analyzing key moments in the Revolutionary War and explaining why they were pivotal in shifting the balance of power.


When everyone is ready to continue, unlock the next scene.

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The Complete List of Learning Experiences in American Revolution Unit.
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